Computer network is a system consisting of two or more computer devices connected to each other by using transmission media and communication media so that computers can communicate with each other and share data such as files, hardware as well as on the application. 

The term computer network itself can basically be interpreted as a collection of several communication terminals consisting of two or more computers that are interconnected. 

The initial purpose of building a computer network is that users can share a file, document, and hardware in a network by using a transmission medium where the information is brought by the transmitter so that it can be delivered to the receiver by exactly and in accordance with what was delivered 

COMPUTER NETWORK BENEFITS

Facilitate us to be able to access the files we have at our disposal, as well as we can also access files from other people who have done penyetelah happy files or have been disseminated through a network, just as on the Internet 

With the computer network, we can also make the process of sending data quickly, precisely and efficiently. Computer networks help people connect with people from different countries easily.

In addition, users can also send text, images, audio, and video in real time with the help of computer network. We can access news or information very easily through the internet because the Internet is one example of computer networks.

Suppose that in an office requires a printer, we do not need to buy a number of printers with computers contained in the office. We just buy one printer only for use by all office employees with the help of computer network. 

TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK

Generally, computer networks are grouped into 5 categories, based on geographic reach, information / data source distribution, data transmission media, the role and relationship of each computer in processing data, and based on the type of topology used. Here's the full description:

By Geographic Reach

1. LAN 

Local Area Network or often abbreviated with the LAN is a network that covers only a small area, such as cafe, office, or school. Generally wide area LAN network not far from 1 sq. Km.

Usually LAN networks using IEEE 802.3 Ethernet technology that has data transfer rates of about 10, 100, even 1000 MB / s.In addition to using Ethernet technology, not a few also use wireless technology such as Wi-fi for LAN networks. 

2. MAN 

Metropolitan Area Network or MAN is a network that includes a city with high data transfer rates. In a way, the network MAN is a combination of several LAN network.Jangakauan of MAN network ranges from 10-50 km. MAN only has one or two wires and is not equipped with switching elements that function to make the design more simple. 

3. WAN 

Wide Area Network or WAN is a network that reaches a wide geographical area, such as a country and even a continent. 

WANs are generally used to connect two or more local networks so users can communicate with other users even if they are in different locations.

Based on Information / Data Source Distribution

1. Centralized Network 

The meaning of centralized network is a network consisting of client computers and server computers where the client computer served as an intermediary in accessing the source information / data coming from the server computer. 

In a centralized network, there is the term dumb terminal, which does not have a data processing device. 

2. Distributed Networks 

This network is the result of a combination of several centralized networks that allow multiple computer servers and clients that are connected to form a particular network system.

Based on Data Transmission Media Used

1. Wired Network (Wired Network)

The data transmission medium used in this network is a cable.

The cable is used to connect one computer to another computer to be able to exchange information / data or connected to the internet.

One of the transmission medium used in wired network is UTP cable.

2. Wireless Network (Wireless Network)

In this network required electromagnetic waves as data transmission medium.

Unlike wired networks, these networks do not use cables to exchange information / data with other computers but instead use electromagnetic waves to transmit information / data signals between computers to one another.

Wireless adapter, one of the transmission medium used in wireless network.

Based on the Role and Relationships of Each Computer in Processing Data

1. Client-Server Network

This network consists of one or more server computers and client computers. It usually consists of one server computer and several client computers. The server computer is responsible for providing data resources, while the client computer can only use the data resources. 

2. Peer to Peer Network 

In this network, each computer, be it the server computer or client computer has the same position. So, the server computer can be a client computer, and otherwise the client computer can also be a server computer.

Based on Used Network Topology

Computer network topology is a form / network structure that connects one computer to another. Also read article about Network Topology.

Do you have time to think, why the android version given the names of food? What is the connection between the Android System and the names of these foods? Indeed, there are still many who ask this question, that is why Google always give some food names on each version or versus androidnya? Truly is not just any food that google pinned on the androidnya device, but more to the food that has a sweet taste.

In accordance with my experience when reading some articles about this android version, and it turns out the provision of snacks (snacks) or sweet foods for each android version that actually have a fairly simple argument but has a very slick meaning, that they want the operating system it has the "sweet" impression of the name given to each versus. Beyond that naming is also to be more easily remembered and indeed friendly with the human mind in general.

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Android Bender (Beta)  - Android v1. 1

The first android version was launched on November 5, 2007 called the advanced version of Android Astro (Alpha). Same with the prefix version, Bender name is also not used, this is because the argument of copyright (trademark). Then was born the first mobile phone with Android operating system that is sold in a commercial way that is HTC Dream which is also the first smartphone that uses the Android OS.

Android Cupcake - Android v1.5 

This is the first version of android that uses the name sweet food as the code name for each version of Android which further becomes the forerunner of the habit to name other Android versions with the name of sweet foods, which tradition is still forwarded to this day. Android Cupcake launching on April 30, 2009.

Android Donut - Android v1.6 

Launching androi version is not until one year after launching Android Cupcake, which is on September 15, 2009. This version was imported to cover the bug in the first version, as well as to add some features such as support for devices with a larger monitor size.

Android Eclair - Android v2.0 – 2.1 

The third android operating system is also launching not until one year after launching the first two versions that is on October 26, 2009. They are still focused to cover the existing bugs and provide some features such as Bluetooth, flash on camera, digital zoom feature on the camera, multi-touch, live wallpaper, and others. The presence of Nexus series devices from Google is the first android device that appears that HTC Nexus One also use the Android OS version of Eclair.

Android Frozen Yoghurt (Froyo) - Android v2.2

Next Android version Launching on May 20, 2010 . Since then also Tools that have been using the Android OS also has more and more and its presence began ogled by the market though still far below the popularity of other OS like Symbian and Windows Mobile.

Android Gingerbread - Android v2.3

Gingerbread Launching version on December 6, 2010 coincides with the arrival of Nexus S called smartphone device Nexus series produced by Samsung. This version of OS can be regarded as the beginning of Android success in the universe smartphone though still less popular with the BlackBerry OS, but Some vendors start serious to work on devices with this Android OS.

At that time, Samsung with its Galaxy series acted greatly in the success of Android. Promotion amazing incentive make beginners begin to know the Android operating system. Even then some big people assume that the Android OS that Samsung has because of the strong branding is done by Samsung. This can be originally the originality of Samsung in the world of smartphones.

Android Honeycomb - Android v3.0 - 3.2

Honeycomb android version was launched on May 10, 2011 and designed specifically for tablet devices, which was then popular on the market, one of them because of Samsung's promotion and the popularity of Apple iPad.

Android Ice Cream Sandwich - Android v4.0

Android version of this one Launching on December 16, 2011 . Can be called as Android Honeycomb version that really has been perfected, and maximized for usage either smartphone or tablet. The most visible turn of this version in appeal with the first version of the User interface that looks more clean and charming. This android version can be more maximized for multitasking problems.

The launch of this android version can also be explained by the Coinciding of the introduction of Android ICS, Google also introduced a device called Galaxy Nexus Nexus smartphone series produced by Samsung. After this version, Google then regularly introduces Nexus series devices every time they introduce the latest versus Android.

Android Jelly Bean - Android v4.1 - 4.3

Jelly Bean Version is Launching on July 9, 2012 . Coinciding with the introduction of OS version 4.1 on July 27, 2012, Google also introduced the Nexus 7 which is in production by ASUS. Nexus 7 or is the first generation is the first Nexus series called a tablet device. Jelly Bean naturally 3x up-date versus that is 4. 1, 4. 2 to 4. 3 . After that they introduce Android v4. 2 coincides with the arrival of Nexus 4, a smartphone produced by LG plus Nexus 10, tablet device produced by Samsung.

When versus 4. 3 launching, Google is also launching the 2nd generation Nexus 7 which is still in production by ASUS which has some additions such as adding rear camera and support for potential internet connectivity.

Android Kitkat - Android v4.4

Kitkat version is claimed to be more friendly on devices with the specification of potluck. Even devices with 512 MB of RAM still can move the OS versus this smoothly and smoothly. Not the same as the minimum Jelly Bean must have RAM above 756 MB in order to run smoothly. Coinciding with the release of Android Kitkat on October 31, 2013 , Google is also launching the Nexus 5 Smartphone that is produced by LG.

Android Lollipop - Android v5.0 - 5.1

This version Launching on October 15, 2014 , this version of OS brings a big turn of the UI that looks more flat with the material design plan. This version of Android also has supported 64-bit architecture up to the possibility to use RAM above 3 GB on hardware devices. The use of 64-bit processors is also increasingly adopted by several vendors, from applications on flagship devices to medium-to-bottom devices.

Android Marshmallow - Android v6.0

This Android version is officially launching on bln. September th. 2015 . Coinciding with the release of this version, for the first time Google also introduced 2 devices Nexus smartphone all of which is produced by 2 vendors are not the same. 

Nexus 5X is the smartphone version of the Nexus middle class with 5.2 inch monitor size in production by LG. The other one has a wider monitor span that is 5. 7 inch called Nexus 6P called smartphone flagship results Google working relationship with Huawei.

Android Nougat / Nutella - Android v7.0

This latest version is officially introduced at the end of June 2016 . A lot of netizens are speculating that it is possible, naming Android version "N" is Nutella. But Google dismissed the news after officially introducing it in unison with the display of Android icon sculpture that stood on a piece of Nougat (which is more similar to the traditional food of tempe). 

First, Google has invited some of its users to inspire the naming of this version. Some names, including Nutella and Nastar also appear, until finally Google prefer Nutella name. 

You need to know that the android version nougat or android Nuella has been equipped with renewal on the os side with there features google assistant that serves as a replacement of google now previously available in os android older versions of other, as well as the existing doze features on this latest android os also been upgraded. 

in addition to some of the main features above, there is also the addition of the latest 1500 emoji, a hobby chat use emoji and multi language, android naugat is one of the best choice because in addition to adding 75 new emoji, os also has the ability of 2 languages ​​at the same time. 

Android Oreo - Android 8.0

Android Oreo or exactly android with version 8.0 has a code name that begins with the letter " O ", From the beginning of the emergence of this latest issue of os android, many netizens who become Reviewer technology smartphone, predict that the name to be used on os android is android oreo 

But until now (october 2017) os android version 8.0 or new android Oreo available for preview of developers and not yet officially available for android device in general / universal, According to parediction, most likely, os android oreo will be released in early 2018 , and could be google pixel -lah second generation that will get a touch of luxury os android version 8.0 this. 

You need to know that the android smartphone that will get the first update for orroid android version is google Nexus 5X, goole Nexus 6P, google Nexus Player, google Pixel C, and google Pixel smartphones.